In a comic, does each frame represent a single moment in time? Why or why not? What about in film/video?
In a comic, each frame can be representative of a timeless moment within a singular panel. McCloud states that we have been conditioned by photography to perceive single images as a still moment, however this differs greatly in the world of comics. Each panel in a comic strip has the ability to encompass the reader to understand timeless scenes, motion and the overall progression of multiple frames in a single panel.
In a comic, time and space are “one and the same.” How so? Contrast these strategies with how artists represent space and time in film and video. How do artists represent space in moving image? How do we know the space is larger?
In a comic, time and space can vary based on the authors intent. Time and space can become timeless and without boundaries based on the illustration the comic artist includes. The artist can show motion, or lengthen the panel itself to signify a change in time and space. In film and video, time and space can be understood differently due to the media being captured in frames. This leads to change in still images and allows the artist to capture a singular moment in a sequence. Artists can represent space in moving images through their use of motion in an illustration. They can exaggerate movement in the foreground of an illustration to portray the amount of space a character may be traveling through within a singular panel.
How can an artist elicit a feeling of claustrophobia on film or video?
An artist can elicit a feeling of claustrophobia by limiting the amount of space available to shoot footage. If the scene appears to be in a tight space, it is simple to make the viewer feel the discomfort of feeing immersed into an enclosed space. The following videos include examples of enclosed spaces that may lead the viewer to feel claustrophobic:
https://youtu.be/vb4kfUti8XA
P.T (Silent Hill) is a playable teaser released by film director Guillermo del Toro along side of Hideo Kojima who is notorious for his development of games, including but not limited to the Metal Gear Solid series. P.T has a setting that remains constant and exposes the player to a limited space which can become anxiety inducing and lead to sensations of claustrophobia. Could you imagine venturing back and forth along a hallway with no end?
https://youtu.be/kQgJ4whE7pM
Resident Evil 7 is a game which I had much trouble playing through augmented virtual reality. The game itself is immersive to begin with but even more so when the player experiences full immersion into the game. In this scene, the gentleman is seen swimming through murky, dirty water in a tight corridor flooded an inclusive of dead, decomposing bodies.
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